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欧洲竞争力下滑,如何应对扭转不利局面?

MAURO MACCHI
2025-02-20

欧洲的经济增长与生产率持续放缓,在创新领域的投资不足问题依然突出。

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欧洲的竞争力是今年世界经济论坛(World Economic Forum)的热门话题,也将成为欧洲企业高管重返工作岗位后的首要议题。

当前欧洲的经济增长与生产率持续放缓,在创新领域的投资不足问题依然突出。与北美和亚太地区相比,其研发投入的收入占比仍存在差距。

世界正经历快速变革。埃森哲(Accenture)近期的一项调研显示,近四分之三(72%)的欧洲企业领袖预计,2025年的变革力度将超越去年。然而,与北美同行相比,他们对应对变革的准备却显得不足。这种现状令人担忧,若不加干预,恐将阻碍欧洲的发展进程。

欧洲必须即刻采取协同行动,才能在全球舞台上守住一席之地。

值得庆幸的是,可以找到解决方案。

重大技术变革为国家和地区创造了公平竞争的机遇。作为互联网时代以来最具颠覆性的技术,生成式人工智能的普及正带来这样的契机,让欧洲有望实现自我革新,扭转增长疲软态势。

人工智能可以显著提升生产力,部分行业的效率增幅或达30%。这些效益并非纸上谈兵,商界领袖已开始把握机遇。2025年,87%的企业高管计划追加生成式AI投资,58%预计将在全公司范围扩展AI应用,较2024年实现显著跃升。

若部署得当,这将成为生产力和创新的颠覆性变量。但技术本身并非万能灵药,企业如何应用生成式AI比是否应用更为关键。为充分释放潜力,欧洲必须聚焦以人为本、构建信任、打破孤岛三大核心的AI应用策略。

人工智能本身并非解决方案,唯有当人们具备运用它的技能、知识和自主权时,才能创造惊人的结果。根据我们的模型测算,生成式AI可自动化或增强欧洲高达44%的工作时长。但是,技术投资远远超过人才投入:企业当前在AI技术上的投入是员工技能重塑资金的三倍。这种失衡亟待纠正,技能重塑与升级必须成为首要任务。培训计划不应是一次性的行为,而需持续迭代以跟上AI的飞速发展。唯有让全体员工(而非仅管理层)参与转型,才能充分释放变革红利。

伴随必要的教育培训而来的是信任构建。尽管商界领袖对生成式AI的潜力持乐观态度,许多员工却心存疑虑。对失业的担忧普遍存在——三分之一(36%)的欧洲雇员认为AI将导致裁员。全球范围内,五分之三(60%)的劳动者担忧AI会加剧工作压力和职业倦怠。

这些担忧不容忽视。若放任不管,将延缓技术采用并限制其影响力。企业必须通过展现AI如何赋能而非取代人类来弥合信任鸿沟。提供系统化培训、建立可靠透明的人工智能负责任使用准则,将有助于缓解焦虑。超半数员工表示,如果能获得这些资源,他们将更愿使用AI,这凸显了教育培训与开放沟通的重要性。

最后,零散的AI应用不会实现商业领袖的预期。当前生成式AI战略往往各自为战,不同团队孤立进行技术试验。这种碎片化模式既限制技术影响力,也阻碍企业释放生产力提升、创新突破和投资回报等综合效益。成功的秘诀在于各组织采取协同策略:制定清晰的AI实施路线图,确保一个灵活可扩展的数字化核心架构,从而快速规模化地整合新技术。值得注意的是,AI规模化不仅是技术挑战,更是组织挑战,需要健全的体系支撑、跨部门协作,以及将AI深度融入运营各环节的决心。

欧洲完全有能力引领这场变革——前提是致力于构建联盟计划。这个以新型合作模式(至少在创始成员国之间)为基础的项目,必须着力解决技术、基建、能源、半导体、教育培训等共同需求,并改善风险资本获取渠道,培育能在全球范围内竞争的欧洲领军企业。

成功的工具已握在手中,现在是行动的时候了。(财富中文网)

本文作者莫罗·马基现任埃森哲欧洲、中东与非洲地区首席执行官。

Fortune.com上发表的评论文章中表达的观点,仅代表作者本人的观点,不能代表《财富》杂志的观点和立场。

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

欧洲的竞争力是今年世界经济论坛(World Economic Forum)的热门话题,也将成为欧洲企业高管重返工作岗位后的首要议题。

当前欧洲的经济增长与生产率持续放缓,在创新领域的投资不足问题依然突出。与北美和亚太地区相比,其研发投入的收入占比仍存在差距。

世界正经历快速变革。埃森哲(Accenture)近期的一项调研显示,近四分之三(72%)的欧洲企业领袖预计,2025年的变革力度将超越去年。然而,与北美同行相比,他们对应对变革的准备却显得不足。这种现状令人担忧,若不加干预,恐将阻碍欧洲的发展进程。

欧洲必须即刻采取协同行动,才能在全球舞台上守住一席之地。

值得庆幸的是,可以找到解决方案。

重大技术变革为国家和地区创造了公平竞争的机遇。作为互联网时代以来最具颠覆性的技术,生成式人工智能的普及正带来这样的契机,让欧洲有望实现自我革新,扭转增长疲软态势。

人工智能可以显著提升生产力,部分行业的效率增幅或达30%。这些效益并非纸上谈兵,商界领袖已开始把握机遇。2025年,87%的企业高管计划追加生成式AI投资,58%预计将在全公司范围扩展AI应用,较2024年实现显著跃升。

若部署得当,这将成为生产力和创新的颠覆性变量。但技术本身并非万能灵药,企业如何应用生成式AI比是否应用更为关键。为充分释放潜力,欧洲必须聚焦以人为本、构建信任、打破孤岛三大核心的AI应用策略。

人工智能本身并非解决方案,唯有当人们具备运用它的技能、知识和自主权时,才能创造惊人的结果。根据我们的模型测算,生成式AI可自动化或增强欧洲高达44%的工作时长。但是,技术投资远远超过人才投入:企业当前在AI技术上的投入是员工技能重塑资金的三倍。这种失衡亟待纠正,技能重塑与升级必须成为首要任务。培训计划不应是一次性的行为,而需持续迭代以跟上AI的飞速发展。唯有让全体员工(而非仅管理层)参与转型,才能充分释放变革红利。

伴随必要的教育培训而来的是信任构建。尽管商界领袖对生成式AI的潜力持乐观态度,许多员工却心存疑虑。对失业的担忧普遍存在——三分之一(36%)的欧洲雇员认为AI将导致裁员。全球范围内,五分之三(60%)的劳动者担忧AI会加剧工作压力和职业倦怠。

这些担忧不容忽视。若放任不管,将延缓技术采用并限制其影响力。企业必须通过展现AI如何赋能而非取代人类来弥合信任鸿沟。提供系统化培训、建立可靠透明的人工智能负责任使用准则,将有助于缓解焦虑。超半数员工表示,如果能获得这些资源,他们将更愿使用AI,这凸显了教育培训与开放沟通的重要性。

最后,零散的AI应用不会实现商业领袖的预期。当前生成式AI战略往往各自为战,不同团队孤立进行技术试验。这种碎片化模式既限制技术影响力,也阻碍企业释放生产力提升、创新突破和投资回报等综合效益。成功的秘诀在于各组织采取协同策略:制定清晰的AI实施路线图,确保一个灵活可扩展的数字化核心架构,从而快速规模化地整合新技术。值得注意的是,AI规模化不仅是技术挑战,更是组织挑战,需要健全的体系支撑、跨部门协作,以及将AI深度融入运营各环节的决心。

欧洲完全有能力引领这场变革——前提是致力于构建联盟计划。这个以新型合作模式(至少在创始成员国之间)为基础的项目,必须着力解决技术、基建、能源、半导体、教育培训等共同需求,并改善风险资本获取渠道,培育能在全球范围内竞争的欧洲领军企业。

成功的工具已握在手中,现在是行动的时候了。(财富中文网)

本文作者莫罗·马基现任埃森哲欧洲、中东与非洲地区首席执行官。

Fortune.com上发表的评论文章中表达的观点,仅代表作者本人的观点,不能代表《财富》杂志的观点和立场。

翻译:刘进龙

审校:汪皓

Europe’s competitiveness was a hot topic of conversation at this year’s World Economic Forum and will be top of mind for European executives as they return to their businesses.

Growth and productivity are slowing, and Europe faces continued underinvestment in innovation, with revenue allocated to research and development compared to North America and APAC falling short.

The world is changing fast. Nearly three quarters (72%) of European business leaders are anticipating more change in 2025 than we saw last year, according to a recent Accenture survey. Yet they feel less prepared to handle it than their North American counterparts. This is cause for concern and, without action to address it, threatens to hamper Europe’s growth.

Europe needs to act together now to retain its place on the global stage.

Fortunately, solutions are within our reach.

Major technological shifts present an opportunity to level the playing field for countries and companies. The spread of gen AI—the most transformative technology since the internet—can do just this, giving Europe a chance to reinvent itself and reverse the trend of slow growth.

AI has the power to significantly increase productivity, with some industries seeing gains of up to 30%. These benefits are not hypothetical; business leaders are already recognizing the opportunity. In 2025, 87% of C-suite executives plan to increase their investments in generative AI, and 58% expect to scale AI across their organizations—a notable jump from 2024.

This could be a game-changer for productivity and innovation if implemented effectively. But the technology in and of itself isn’t a silver bullet. How businesses apply gen AI is more important than if they do. To realize its full potential, Europe must focus on adopting gen AI in a way that prioritizes people, builds trust, and eradicates siloes.

AI is not a solution in itself; it is a tool that can foster amazing results, but only when people are equipped with the skills, knowledge, and empowerment to use it well. In Europe, up to 44% of working hours could be automated or augmented by generative AI, according to our modeling. Yet investment in technology far outweighs investment in people. Organizations currently spend three times more on AI technology than they do on reskilling their employees. This imbalance needs urgent correction. Reskilling and upskilling workers must become a top priority, with training programs that are not one-off efforts but ongoing initiatives that keep pace with AI’s rapid advancements. Everyone in an organization, not just leadership, needs to be part of this transformation if its benefits are to be fully realized.

With the necessary education and training comes trust. While business leaders are optimistic about gen AI’s potential, many workers are not. Concerns about job security are widespread; a third (36%) of European employees believe AI will lead to workforce reductions. Meanwhile, three in five (60%) workers globally worry that AI will increase stress and burnout.

These fears cannot be ignored. Left unaddressed, they will slow adoption and limit the technology’s impact. Businesses must bridge this trust gap by demonstrating how AI can enhance work rather than replace it. Providing comprehensive training and establishing clear, transparent guidelines for responsible AI use can help alleviate concerns. More than half of employees say they would feel more comfortable using AI if they had access to these resources, underscoring the importance of education and openness.

Finally, piecemeal adoption will not deliver against the expectations many business leaders have bought into. At present, gen AI strategies are often fragmented, with individual teams experimenting with the technology in isolation. This limits the technology’s impact and prevents businesses from unlocking the full range of benefits, including increased productivity, innovation, and return on investment. To succeed, organizations must take a coordinated approach, developing clear strategies for AI implementation and ensuring they have a digital core at their foundation that is flexible enough to integrate new technologies at speed and scale. However, scaling AI is not just a technical challenge but an organizational one, requiring robust systems, collaboration across departments, and a commitment to embedding AI into every aspect of operations.

Europe can play a leading role—provided that it commits to creating a federated project. Such a project, built on new models of cooperation, at least among the founding member states, must address shared needs—technology, infrastructure, energy, semiconductors, education, and training—and improve access to risk capital to foster the growth of European champions capable of competing on a global scale.

The tools to succeed are within our grasp. The time to act is now.

Mauro Macchi is the CEO for Europe, Middle East, and Africa at Accenture.

The opinions expressed in Fortune.com commentary pieces are solely the views of their authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions and beliefs of Fortune.

财富中文网所刊载内容之知识产权为财富媒体知识产权有限公司及/或相关权利人专属所有或持有。未经许可,禁止进行转载、摘编、复制及建立镜像等任何使用。
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